Forfeit
“Forfeit”既可以作为动词,也可以作为名词。作为动词,它指因违规、违约或失败而丧失、失去某物或权利。作为名词,它指因违规而支付的罚金或丧失的东西。
- “He had to forfeit his deposit because he canceled the booking.” (他因为取消了预订而不得不失去押金。)
- “The team forfeited the match due to insufficient players.” (由于球员不足,球队放弃了比赛。)
- “The forfeit for breaking the rules was a fine of $100.” (违反规则的罚金是100美元。)
“Forfeit”来自古法语”forfait”(犯罪、违规),是”forfaire”(犯罪、违规)的过去分词,来自拉丁语”foris”(外面)+ “facere”(做),字面意思是”在外面做”,引申为”违规”。
“Forfeit”本身是一个完整的词根,来自法语,没有明显的前缀或后缀。
在西方法律和体育文化中,“forfeit”体现了对规则和契约的重视。这个词常用于描述因违反规则或未能履行义务而导致的后果,反映了对责任和后果的认知。在体育比赛中,“forfeit”指因违规或无法参赛而放弃比赛。
- 动词形式: “forfeit”(丧失、失去)
- 名词形式: “forfeit”(罚金、丧失物)
- 过去式/过去分词: “forfeited”(丧失了)
- 现在分词: “forfeiting”(正在丧失)
- 固定搭配: “forfeit something”(丧失某物),“forfeit a game”(放弃比赛)
“Forfeit”的音标是/ˈfɔːfɪt/或/ˈfɔːrfɪt/,可以联想”for-”(为了)+ “feit”(音似”罚”),想象为了违规而受罚就是丧失。
“The athlete had to forfeit his medal after testing positive for banned substances. The forfeit was a heavy price to pay, but it was necessary to maintain the integrity of the sport.” (运动员在检测出禁用物质后不得不失去奖牌。这种丧失是沉重的代价,但为了维护体育的完整性是必要的。)